Biguanides for Type 2 Diabetes

Biguanides usually refers to a molecule or to a class of drugs based on this molecule. They are used in the treatment of Diabetes Mellitus Type 2. Biguanides differ from Sulfonylureas and Meglitinides as unlike these it does not help the Pancreas in producing more Insulin, but rather focuses on Liver.

The normal function of a Liver is to slow the release of Glucose when there is enough Insulin in the blood. This is a good sign that there is enough sugar. But, when you have Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus, the Liver does not understand that it needs to slow down the release of Glucose and continues to release it. This makes the insulin harder to work and results in higher levels of Blood Sugar.

The complete action of Biguanides is not exactly understood, however, the major function of this medication is to lower blood sugar by the following ways:

1. It decreases the amount of sugar produced by the liver.

2.  It also increases the amount of sugar absorbed by muscle cells and decreases the body’s insulin resistance.

Biguanides are effective medications for lowering Blood Sugar levels almost like their counterparts: the Sulfonylureas. In studies it was also found it reduced the risk of complications especially for overweight people and did not cause them to pile up more pounds.

Biguanides are usually prescribed most often, but are not suitable for everyone. Medications that contain  Biguanides should be taken only after consultation with a Doctor.

The generic names of drugs under Biguanides are as below:

1.  Glipizide and Metformins

2.  Metformin

3.  Metformin and Glyburide

4.  Repaglinide and Metformin

5.  Rosiglitazone and Metformin

The most common Side Effects of Biguanides are gastrointestinal problems like upset stomach, gas, vomiting and diarrhea. Person may also feel nausea and have loss of appetite. Biguanides can also cause headaches and fatigue. People who drink a lot should not take Biguanides and neither should people who have a history of kidney problems, liver disease, asthma, lung disease. Do not take this medication if you are pregnant.

Biguanides have not been approved by the Food & Drug Administration in the US for the treatment of Diabetes Mellitus in children.

You must consult a doctor before taking any medication and never ever attempt self medication as it may put your health and life at risk.